Workshop

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" height=130 BGCOLOR="#CC3300" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="77125821dvmwjc.png"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#FFCCB2" FACE="Arial" ><B><IMG SRC="77032320.png" border=0 width="50" height="50" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">  </B></FONT><FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#FFFFFF" FACE="Arial" ><B>Banjer 37 Motorsailer Club</B></FONT><B>    |    </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Banjer 37 Motorsailer Club"><U><B>Home</B></U></A><B> </B></div> <div> <A HREF="mission.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Mission"><U>Mission</U></A>   |   <A HREF="techs.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="The Banjer 37"><U>The Banjer 37</U></A>   |   <A HREF="club.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Club"><U>Club</U></A>   |   <A HREF="banjers.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Banjers Friends"><U>Banjers & Friends</U></A>   |   <A HREF="photosplace.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Gallery"><U>Gallery</U></A>   |   <B>Workshop</B>   |   <A HREF="trading.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Buy Sell"><U>Buy & Sell</U></A>   |   <A HREF="links.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Links"><U>Links</U></A>   |   <A HREF="contactus.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact Us "><U>Contact Us </U></A></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>(This page  is better viewed with a 17" screen, 1024 x 768 resolution, medium fonts)</B></div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" height=350 BGCOLOR="#FFFFCC" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I>Workshop</I></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>WITHIN THIS PAGE:</B></div> <div> <B>(</B><B>Search the Topics with the <IMG SRC="7d328140.gif" border=0 width="40" height="20" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">label, for updates)</B></div> <bR> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="481" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 27 WIDTH="469"><div> <A HREF="#banjers_equipment_manufacturers__sites" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>0.- PARTS AND EQUIPMENT</B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B><IMG SRC="7d328140.gif" border=0 width="40" height="20" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></FONT></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="469"><div> <B>1.- </B><A HREF="#calculated_anchor_cable_tension_" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>ANCHORING</B></U></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="469"><div> <B>2.- </B><A HREF="#blistering" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>BLISTERING</B></U></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="469"><div> <B>3.- </B><A HREF="#propeller___power___speed_calculations" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>MOTORING</B></U></A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="469"><div> <B>4.- MORE ON MOTORING</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>5.- </B><A HREF="#how_to_measure_and_calculate_propeller" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>HOW TO MEASURE YOUR PROPELLER'S PITCH</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>6.- </B><A HREF="#banjer_37_main__simple__parameters" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>BANJERS' MAIN SIMPLE PARAMETERS.</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>7.- </B><A HREF="#rudder___lateral_projected_area" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>RUDDER & LATERAL SUBMERGED AREA.</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B> <A NAME="banjers_equipment_manufacturers__sites"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>BANJERS EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS' SITES AND INFORMATION</B></div> <div> <B>(If you know some others, please tell us)</B></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="#april_20_2008" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B><IMG SRC="7d328140.gif" border=0 width="40" height="20" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#CC0000" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="#april_20_2008" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B>Automotive parts as substitutes for the kneecaps of the steering system </B></U></A></FONT><A HREF="#april_20_2008" TITLE="Workshop"><U><B><IMG SRC="7d328140.gif" border=0 width="40" height="20" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A><B>(Click to go)</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.perkins-sabre.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.perkins-sabre.com"><U><B>Perkins Engines</B></U></A><B> </B></div> <div> The engines originally mounted on the Banjer 37 were either Perkins 4-236M (62 BHP continuous) or Perkins T 6-354M,  95 BHP-6 cyl. version. Find more about Perkins-Sabre, world-wide distributors and services by clicking the name.</div> <bR> <div> Perkins 4-236M series may go up to 85 HP SAE (63 kW or 86 metric HP).</div> <bR> <div> You'll find an useful <B>Forum at </B><A HREF="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/"><U><B>Boatdiesel.com/Forums</B></U></A><B>, </B>with active forums for<B> Perkins </B><A HREF="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/index.cfm?Forum_ID=67&CFApp=2&RED=UN1199007037000" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/index.cfm?F"><U><B>4-236M</B></U></A><B> and </B><A HREF="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/index.cfm?Forum_ID=67&CFApp=2&RED=UN1199007037000" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/index.cfm?F"><U><B>6-354M</B></U></A><A HREF="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/index.cfm?Forum_ID=67&CFApp=2&RED=UN1199007037000" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://boatdiesel.com/Forums/index.cfm?F"><U><B> </B></U></A><B>Series. </B></div> <div> Boatdiesel also has some useful calculators for Propellers, Power required ans Shafts, as well as engines specifations. You need to become a member to use this service.</div> <bR> <div> Here you have the <B>User's Handbook for Perkins 4236,</B> from Oscar Alstede's pages (PDF format): </div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> (Click on numbers to go)</div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="395" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.1.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.1.pdf"><U><U>4236.1</U></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.2.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.2.pdf"><U><U>4236.2</U></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.3.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.3.pdf"><U><U>4236.3</U></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.4.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.4.pdf"><U><U>4236.4</U></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.5.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.banjer.nl/4.236.5.pdf"><U><U>4236.5</U></U></A></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> You may also find a <B>handbook for 4.212, 4.236 & 4.248 series </B> at:   <A HREF="http://motoren.ath.cx/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://motoren.ath.cx/"><U><B>http://motoren.ath.cx/</B></U></A><B> </B> Search for Perkins in the left frame.</div> <bR> <div> And for the <B>Perkins T 6.354M</B>  you'll find  Technical manuals at: <A HREF="http://www.marineengine.com/manuals/perkins/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.marineengine.com/manuals/perk"><U><B>Marineengine.com</B></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Perkins Parts (in the USA)</B></div> <div> You can find all kind of Perkins parts for 4236 M and 6354 M engines, from: <A HREF="http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-engines.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-engines"><U><B>http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-engines.html</B></U></A></div> <div> They even have On-Board cruise kits! :</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="790" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="388"><div> <B>Perkins 4-236 M</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="383"><div> <B>Perkins 6-354 M</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-4236-ck.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-4236-ck"><U><B>http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-4236-ck.html</B></U></A> </div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-63544-ck.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-63544-c"><U><B>http://www.tadiesels.com/perkins-63544-ck.html</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div>  </div> <bR> <div> <B> <A NAME="paragon_gearbox__"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>Paragon Gearboxes  </B></div> <div> Most Banjers mount <B>Paragon 25L</B> with Perkins 4236 and <B>Paragon 35L</B> with Perkins 6354. Reductions 3:1 both cases.</div> <bR> <div> We thought Paragon Transmissions were not anymore in production, but Doug Frank, General Manager of <A HREF="http://greatlakespowerproducts.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://greatlakespowerproducts.com/"><U><B>Great Lakes Powers</B></U></A> , the Original Equipment Manufacturer for the Paragon Marine Transmission, formerly The Paragon Gear Works of Tauton, Massachusetts, tells us: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#CC0000" FACE="Arial" ><I><B>"</B></I><I><B>We still continue to manufacture product for the Paragon units. We can still provide a complete unit depending on the model.  We can provide for most units complete seal and gasket kits as well as clutch plates, bearings, brake bands, etc." </B></I></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Their Paragon web site is at:  <A HREF="http://paragonmarine.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://paragonmarine.com/"><U><B>http://paragonmarine.com/</B></U></A></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> Contact data:</div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="687" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 225 ><NOBR><div> <B>Great Lakes Powers</B></div> <div> <B>Customer Support Center Location:</B></div> <div> 7455 Tyler Boulevard</div> <div> Mentor, Ohio 44060</div> <div> <B>Phone: </B></div> <div> (440) 951-5111</div> <div> (800) 325-6880</div> <div> (888) 340-4457</div> <div> <B>Fax: </B></div> <div> (440) 953-1052</div> <div> <B>Email:</B></div> <div> <A HREF="mailto:info@glpower.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:info@glpower.com"><U><B>info@glpower.com</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="349"><bR> <div> <B>Product request. </B></div> <div> The order of personnel that you should e-mail are: </div> <bR> <div> Charlie Rother - <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B>crother@glpower.com</B></FONT> </div> <div> Chuck Hancock - <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B>chancock@glpower.com</B></FONT> </div> <div> Jeff Gallagher - <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><B>jgallagher@glpower.com</B></FONT><B> </B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <div> In the <B>UK</B> you can find Paragon services at <A HREF="http://www.mitgroup.co.uk" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.mitgroup.co.uk"><U><B>Marine and Industrial Transmissions</B></U></A><B>.</B> </div> <bR> <div> <B>                    Marine and Industrial Transmissions Ltd</B></div> <div> <B>                    Queenborough Shipyard</B></div> <div> <B>                    Queenborough</B></div> <div> <B>                    Kent ME11 5AL</B></div> <div> <B>                    T. 0044 1795 580808</B></div> <div> <B>                    Web: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.mitgroup.co.uk" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.mitgroup.co.uk"><U><B>www.mitgroup.co.uk</B></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <div> It is said that in<B> Canada</B> you can find a good inventory of Paragon parts at:</div> <bR> <div> <B>Marisol Marine Centre,</B></div> <div> <B>1637 Columbia Street, </B></div> <div> <B>NORTH VANCOUVER</B> </div> <div> <B>V7J 1A5 British Columbia </B></div> <div> <B>Telephone: +1 604 986-5291</B></div> <div> <B>Web: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="http://www.marisolmarine.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.marisolmarine.com/"><U><B>http://www.marisolmarine.com/</B></U></A></FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <div>  <A NAME="in_holland_paragon_representative_is"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A>In <B>Holland</B> you've got::</div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="551" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="270"><div> <B>Representative (Parts)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="262"><div> <B>Workshop (Repairs)</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 132 WIDTH="270"><div> <B>KEMPER EN VAN TWIST DIESEL</B></div> <div> <B>Mijlweg 33</B></div> <div> <B>3316 BE Dordrecht</B></div> <div> <B>Fax: 078-6136746</B></div> <div> <B>Tel:  078-6326600</B></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Web:</B></FONT><B> </B><A HREF="http://www.kvt.nl/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.kvt.nl/"><U><B>http://www.kvt.nl/</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>Drinkwaard Motoren B.V.</B></div> <div> <B>Baanhoek 152 - Postbus 265</B></div> <div> <B>3360 AG - Sliedrecht</B></div> <div> <B>Telefoon +31(0)184-412332</B></div> <div> <B>Fax +31(0)184-499925</B></div> <div> <B><U>info@drinkwaard.com</U></B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>We are searching for more World wide marine parts companies also working Paragon.  If you know one, let us know.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>You can find manuals (English and Dutch) for the Paragon P Series gearboxes at:  </B><A HREF="http://motoren.ath.cx/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://motoren.ath.cx/"><U><B>http://motoren.ath.cx/</B></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Possible alternative gearboxes for your Paragon P25 (Mounted with Perkins 4236).</B></div> <div> (Some BMC members had to replace gearboxes, and found no Paragons available at their countries)</div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="577" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 WIDTH="199"><div> Trade mark</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="133"><div> Model</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Ratio</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> Maximum HP </div> <div> at 2250 rpm</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="199"><div> <B>Newage</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="133"><div> <B> PRM 260</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>2.94:1</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>82</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>Twin Disc Technodrive</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="133"><div> <B>TM 93</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>2.77:1</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>108</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="199"><div> <B>Twin Disc</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="133"><div> <B>MG-5012 SC</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>2.77:1</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>109</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="199"><div> <B>ZF Marine </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="133"><div> <B>ZF 45-1</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>3.03:1</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>142</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <B>You should adjust the pitch of your propeller to suit new gearbox.</B></div> <div> <B>Consult a reputable mechanical engineer and a propellers expert, </B></div> <div> <B>before attempting a transmission gear change over.</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>26.02.05</B></div> <div> <B>Our fellowmember Dees contacted </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#CC0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>PARAGON's</B></FONT><B> </B><B>headquarters in USA and asked them the question of letting or not your propeller to freewheel (As to avoid gear damage). Here the answer from Charles Rother of Great Lakes Power Products:</B></div> <bR> <div> "<B>IT DOES NOT DAMAGE THE TRANSMISSION TO HAVE THE PROPELLER FREEWHEEL</B>. JUST AS</div> <div> A PRECAUTION, AND YOU PROBABLY DO THIS ANYWAY, THE TRANSMISSION SHOULD BE SHIFTED</div> <div> INTO NEUTRAL BEFORE THE ENGINE IS SHUT DOWN".</div> <bR> <div> <B>27.07.05   Paragon Engineering, from Great Lakes Power Products inform us:</B></div> <div> "The Paragon P25L has tapered roller bearings at the output shaft to accept propeller thrust. The maximum gasoline pleasure craft rating of the P25L is 220 HP at 4000 RPM. The output bearings were selected to handle the propeller thrust produced by this maximum application. The thrust produced by this Banjer 37 application can be adequately handled by the tapered roller bearings in the Paragon P25L transmission".</div> <div> So, folks which's Banjer mounts this gearbox (And most probably the Paragon 35 also): The shaft bearing located at the rear bulkhead of your Banjers is of no use, and you'd better remove it, in my humble opinion, because can cause alignation, vibrations and heating problems in the shaft. </div> <div> Guillermo.</div> <bR> <div> <B>22.08.05  </B><B>Raw water Oil Coolers for Paragon 25L </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000099" FACE="Arial" ><B>not longer available from manufacturer</B></FONT></div> <div> I've received this message from PARAGON, regarding my inquiry for a replacenet for the P25L Oil Cooler (Which works with raw water):</div> <bR> <div> "DEAR MR. GEFAELL,</div> <div> OIL COOLER, P/N 11829, WAS GENERALLY RECOMMENDED FOR THE 200 SERIESTRANSMISSIONS ESPECIALLY IN PLEASURE BOAT APPLICATION. THIS COOLER HAS A NOMINAL SIZE OF 2 X 5 INCHES.</div> <div> AT THIS TIME, WE ARE NO LONGER STOCKING P/N 11829 AND ARE RECOMMENDING P/N 11914. THIS COOLER HAS A NOMINAL SIZE OF 2 X 6 INCHES. EITHER OF THESE COOLERS WOULD HAVE COPPER WATER PASSAGE TUBING MEANING THAT THEY ARE FOR USE IN A CLOSED COOLING SYSTEM (FRESH WATER) ONLY. WE DO NOT OFFER A COOLER FOR USE WITH RAW (SALT) WATER. THE P/N 11914 COOLER IS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE FROM OUR STOCK AT 111.08 USD</div> <div> PLUS SHIPPING.</div> <div> WE DO NOT HAVE A REPRESENTATIVE IN SPAIN. FOR MOST EUROPEAN INQUIRIES, WE RECOMMEND OUR MASTER DISTRIBUTOR IN THE NETHERLANDS, KEMPER EN VAN TWIST DIESEL BV. THEY CAN BE FOUND ON THE INTERNET AT: //<B>www.kvt.nl</B>/ THEIR PARTS MANAGER IS J<B>ACK WEIJTS</B>. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT KEMPER MIGHT HAVE  OTHER OPTIONS AVAILABLE FOR YOU.</div> <div> IF ANY QUSTIONS, PLEASE DIRECT THEM TO US ANY TIME. THANK YOU FOR YOUR INQUIRY AND INTEREST.</div> <div> KIND REGARDS,</div> <div> CHARLES ROTHER</div> <div> GREAT LAKES POWER PRODUCTS</div> <div> EMAIL: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><U>crother@glpower.com</U></FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>SEFFLE MOTORVEKSTAD</B></div> <div> This firm in Sweden, seeming not anymore at work, was the manufacturer of the <B>steering system</B>. This system is <B>type HL4, Manufacturing number 333. </B>Interested fellowmembers can get a copy of the original booklet about this system, from Guillermo.</div> <bR> <div> Our fellow member Maarten tells us that PROMAC used to serve the Seffle steering gear in Holland and abroad. </div> <div> <B>13.07.05:</B> Colin Whimster informs about a press release confirming that the trade of Sheffle has been taken over by Promac. </div> <div> For more info visit: <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><U>www.hme.nl/companies/archive.asp?NewsID=583</U></FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Promac B.V.</B></div> <div> <B>Van Voordenpark 14</B></div> <div> <B>5301 KP Zaltbommel </B></div> <div> <B>The Netherlands </B></div> <div> <B>Postal address P.O. Box 22</B></div> <div> <B>5300 AA Zaltbommel</B></div> <div> <B>The Netherlands </B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Contact Mr. Gert Jan van der Gaag</B></div> <div> <B>Phone + 31 (0)418-68 33 33 </B></div> <div> <B>Fax + 31 (0)418-68 33 55 </B></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>E-mail:  </B></FONT><A HREF="mailto:info@promac.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:info@promac.nl"><U><B> </B></U></A><A HREF="mailto:info@promac.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:info@promac.nl"><U><B>info@promac.nl</B></U></A><A HREF="mailto:info@promac.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:info@promac.nl"><U><B> </B></U></A></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Website:  </B></FONT><A HREF="http://www.promac.nl " TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.promac.nl "><U><B>http://www.promac.nl</B></U></A><A HREF="http://www.promac.nl " TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.promac.nl "><U><B> </B></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Promac Agents in the UK</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Martin Saer </B></div> <div> <B>Euromarine Ltd </B></div> <div> <B>++44 238 058 0020 </B></div> <div> <A HREF="mailto:m.saer@eiromarine.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:m.saer@eiromarine.com"><U><B>m.saer@eiromarine.com</B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B> <A NAME="april_20_2008"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>April 20, 2008</B></div> <div> <B>DAMY III's owner  informs us on the following:</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>The kneecaps of the steering system may be replaced using automotive parts. See his e-mail:</B></div> <bR> <div> Voici enfin les références de ROTULES qui s'adaptent parfaitement à la direction hydraulique du BANJER</div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>Manufacturer: SIDEM</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>OE Ref : 811 419 812 </B></div> <div> <B>Batchnr : P 064286 </B></div> <div> <B>pour vehicules (Audi 80/VW Derby - Passat - Polo - Santana) </B></div> <bR> <div> <B>- Le Filetage (thread) et le cône s'adaptent parfaitement aux vérins et supports </B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Adresse du fabricant: </B></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.sidem.be" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sidem.be"><U><B>www.sidem.be</B></U></A><B> </B></div> <div> <B>info@sidem.be</B></div> <bR> <div> Amitiés bonjour à tous DAMY 3 </div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.rafa.nl/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.rafa.nl/"><U><B>RAFA </B></U></A><B>    </B></div> <div> The original manufacturer of Banjers' portholes and wheelhouse windows is still at work. You can find they page by clicking the name upwards.</div> <div> <B>RAFA</B></div> <div> <B>                        Ambachyweg 28</B></div> <div> <B>3831 KB Leusden</B></div> <div> <B>Nederland</B></div> <div> <B>t. 033 4945040</B></div> <div> <B>email </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="mailto:rafa@mkbmetal.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:rafa@mkbmetal.nl"><U><B>rafa@mkbmetal.nl</B></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.rafa.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.rafa.nl"><U><B>www.rafa.nl</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.issi.nl/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.issi.nl/"><U><B>ISSI</B></U></A></div> <div> International Steel Supplies Inc. is the original firm, at  's-Hertogenbosch, NL, where most of the stainless steel parts of Banjers were made. They are still at work but seem to be oriented nowadays towards industrial markets, rather than boating.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.blakes-lavac-taylors.co.uk/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.blakes-lavac-taylors.co.uk/"><U><B>Taylors cookers & heaters</B></U></A></div> <div> Banjers mounted a Blake-Lavac-Taylors paraffin cooker with oven and many even mounted also Taylors paraffin heaters. Here you have their home.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.silva.se/marine/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.silva.se/marine/"><U><B>Silva Compasses</B></U></A></div> <div> The original compass for Banjers was a Silva, made in Sweden. They are still leading you into your proper course...</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.jabsco.com/water.asp" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.jabsco.com/water.asp"><U><B>Jabsco</B></U></A></div> <div> Banjers Fresh Water Pressure System included an electrical diaphragm pump from Jabsco.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.raritaneng.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.raritaneng.com/"><U><B>Raritan</B></U></A></div> <div> The heads were from Raritan. You'll still can find parts from them for the old models. </div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.whalepumps.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.whalepumps.com/"><U><B>Whale Bilge Pumps</B></U></A></div> <div> You still can find spare parts for the two original Whale Gusher 25  bilge pumps here (Although not cheap at all...!)</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.ecgroup.co.uk/valiant.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.ecgroup.co.uk/valiant.htm"><U><B>Valiant Water Heater</B></U></A></div> <div> Some of the Banjers still keep on board the original gas water heater. Here you have them, still alive and kicking since 1924!</div> <div> Note: Gas water heaters are not any more allowed for cabin installation, under the CE Recreational Craft Directive.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.sailor.dk/SP/sailor.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.sailor.dk/SP/sailor.htm"><U><B>Sailor VHF</B></U></A></div> <div> The first VHF sets mounted on board Banjers were those rugged and reliable Sailor radios with a dialing channel selector.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.tiflex.co.uk/marine.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.tiflex.co.uk/marine.html"><U><B>Treadmaster</B></U></A></div> <div>        The Banjers' decks were covered with this excellent diamond-pattern anti-slip product.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.webastouk.com/page5.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.webastouk.com/page5.html"><U><B>Webasto</B></U></A><B>  </B></div> <div> Air heaters were optional in Banjers, made by this UK company.</div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B> <A NAME="calculated_anchor_cable_tension_"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>ANCHORING</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Warning! </B></div> <div> <B>This section is under development. </B></div> <div> <B>Some of the statements and conclusions are still provisional.</B></div> <bR> <div> Rules to choose the Anchoring Tackle has been, till recent times, a matter of experience and sometimes even a matter of wisdom and wishful tinking. </div> <bR> <div> Rules and Regulations of the several Classification Societies allowed (and still do) for simple formulae to choose a ships' tackle, based mainly in Britany style anchors and all chain rodes. As those are empirical, based on many ship's tests, thousand of feedbacks from the industry, and only consider good mud and sand bottoms as those found in the charts' anchoring spots, results are quite similar from one Society to the other. Nowadays engineers have powerful and precise calculating methods, used to design case to case permanent anchoring tackles for big floating structures as oil rigs, etc.</div> <bR> <div> Working and fishing boats usually do not anchor, simply because they do not need to, excepting in specific situations not highly demanding. So anchoring is an skill not mastered at all by most of the professionals in these fields. All fishermen I know through my professional activity only know and use the local variation of the grapnel anchor, good only for rocky bottoms.</div> <bR> <div> Yatching is probably the most demanding field for anchoring techniques and equipment, because of the variety of bottoms, weather and other anchoring spots conditions. But until recent times it was based on simple 'rule of thumb' or semi-scientific methods. </div> <bR> <div> The better approach for anchors manufacturers/developers was to do several anchoring tests, results varying significantly from one manufacturer to the other, because they were made under different conditions:  Bottom quality, depth, rode composition and length, etc., were not uniform, and manufactures having not standarized published data to compare their results with others'. So the only way of comparing was to perform their own testing against competition units. And some manufactures tend to 'bend' reality towards their interests and hide to the public the negative aspects of their anchors. Unluckily this still applies in many cases....</div> <bR> <div> A more scientific approach is taken nowadays by designers, as well as several independent studies have being performed.  But again the not standarized tests conditions make it difficult to obtain general conclusions, although well stablished myths are falling quickly down. Many owners still doubt, feel confused or believe they do not have enough knowledge when choosing their anchoring tackle, being  to them the best source of information the feedback from the cruising community, through Forums, etc. </div> <bR> <div> Just to try to help fellowmembers of the Banjer 37 Motorsailer Club to better choose their equipment or judge the existing one, I'll navigate through all (to me) available information, post it here, analize it, and then, with the help of other experienced members, try to arrive to some conclusions and recomendations to be used in our beloved Banjers. I'd very much appreciate all contributions.</div> <bR> <div> Guillermo.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> First let's have a look about what has to be taken in account when designing an anchor. I find these pages useful to this end.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.vryhof.com/PDF/AM2000B.PDF" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.vryhof.com/PDF/AM2000B.PDF"><U><B>Anchor design theory</B></U></A><B>  </B></div> <div> From the pages of the Dutch firm <B>Vryhof Ankers, </B>specialized in<B> </B>big anchors for the offshore industry.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.adagiomarine.com/techno/anchor_theory.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.adagiomarine.com/techno/ancho"><U><B>Anchoring Theory - Compuserve Sailing Forum Discussion, 1997</B></U></A><B> </B><IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <I>"We are all aware that real-world anchoring is more complex than an idealized mathematical model or lab test..."</I></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.johnsboatstuff.com/Articles/anchor.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.johnsboatstuff.com/Articles/a"><U><B>Anchor Catenary Details</B></U></A></div> <div> <I>"An anchor rode is not an straight link between the bow and the anchor..."</I></div> <div> Includes an useful Anchor Catenary Calculator.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> Now, we'll have a look to several anchors tests available in internet:</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Anchor/anchor_study.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Anchor/a"><U><B>The Sailing Foundation Anchor Tests. Puget Sound 1995.</B></U></A><B>  </B><IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> "Of the anchors tested, only five passed the threshold of 1,000 lbs. and only four could arguably pass as storm anchors. The holding power of those four exceeded storm anchor requirements, <B>but failed to do so on a consistent basis</B>."</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>AVERAGE HOLDING POWER</B> <B>(SAND)</B></div> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="236" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="144"><div> <B>FX 37</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>3,263 lbs.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>Performance 35</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>1,724 lbs.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="144"><div> <B>CQR 45</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>1,304 lbs.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="144"><div> <B>MAX 17</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>1,268 lbs.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="144"><div> <B>Delta 35</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B> 801 lbs.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="144"><div> <B>Bruce 44</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> <B>496 lbs.</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>"It would seem preferable for an anchor to not set than to set and hold at only moderate conditions" </B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Studies/1994sfanchortest1.htm#New%20Concept%20Anchor" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Studies/"><U><B>1994 West Marine Sand Anchor tests</B></U></A><B>  </B><IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> "Anchors which come highly recommended, even those which are successful in the marketplace, may not perform in the real world."</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Studies/1990_mud_anchor_test.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Studies/"><U><B>1990 San Francisco Mud bottom Anchor Tests</B></U></A><B>  </B><IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> "These tests were conducted in order to establish a reliable, controlled database for comparing the performance of various popular recreational marine anchors in soft muddy sea floor conditions."</div> <bR> <div> Here you have their results:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="781" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 38 WIDTH="146"><div> TYPE</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> WEIGHT</div> <div> Lbs.</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> AVG.</div> <div> DEPTH</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> MAX</div> <div> PULL</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> AVG</div> <div> PULL</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> MIN</div> <div> PULL</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> SLACK</div> <div> LINES</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> HP/LB</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> Bruce 44</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 46</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 25.4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 300</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 280</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 250</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 0</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 6.1</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> CQR 45</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 47</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 22.2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 525</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 440</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 9.4</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> Delta 35</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 33</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 24.8</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 625</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 502</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 200</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 15.2</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> H-1800</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 33</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 24.4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 825</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 725</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 325</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 22.0</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> T-4000</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 30</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 23.0</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 1050</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 725</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 450</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 0</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 24.2</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> FX-37 32 deg.</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 20</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 22.5</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 1325</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 825</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 675</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 41.3</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>FX-37 45 deg.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 20</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 24.8</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 2500</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 2175</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 2000</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 0</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> <B>108.8</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> VSB-3600</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 28</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 24.6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="63" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 1315</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 1150</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 47</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 38 WIDTH="146"><div> WILD CARD GROUP</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="70" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="68" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="63" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="58" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="58" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="83" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="190" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="146"><div> FX-85 32 deg.</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 44</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 21.3</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 1400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 1200</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 850</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 0</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 27.3</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>FX-85 45 deg.</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 44</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 20.7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 5150</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 4716</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 4300</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 1</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> <B>107.2</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> FX-125 32 deg.</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 65</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 21.3</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 2500</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 2283</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 2150</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 0</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> 35.1</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>FX-125 45 deg</B>.</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="70"><div> 65</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="68"><div> 21.7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="63"><div> 6600</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 6166</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="58"><div> 5400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="83"><div> 1</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="190"><div> <B>94.9</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> From this Test Series, we can conclude that for soft mud bottoms, we should use devotedly designed anchors, as the <B>Fortress FX, set at 45º</B>. They have holding power/weight ratios around 100, which is outstanding. </div> <bR> <div> On the other hand it seems to be clear that plow type anchors, as CQR, Bruce, Delta and the like, are not good for soft mud bottoms.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.creativemarine.com/newprodct/anchor%20test/soft_mud_bottom_anchor_test.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.creativemarine.com/newprodct/"><U><B>2003 Soft Mud Bottom Anchor test</B></U></A></div> <div> "All of the manufacturers of these anchors recomend them for boats between 33 and 38 feet in length..." </div> <div> Test Series performed by the manufacturers of the Super Max anchor, not being enough accurate, in my opinion, due to the low number of tests performed and not rigurous enough method.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.fortressanchors.com/AnchorTestFrenchHolland.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.fortressanchors.com/AnchorTes"><U><B>The French Regulatory anchor tests.</B></U></A></div> <div> From the pages of <B>Fortress</B> anchors.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.spade-anchor.com/Site%20anglais/US/breackingup.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.spade-anchor.com/Site%20angla"><U><B>Breaking free</B></U></A><B>  </B><IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> "If you, like me, enjoy anchoring in those small, remote coves, you are sure to have dragged your anchor at some time : no matter what anchor you use, poor holding or strong winds will have made sure of that." (Alain Poiraud). Interesting tets series, where the setting ability of anchors on sandy bottoms was observed. Very interesting conclusions on <B>instability of Flat Anchors.</B></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedia/practical_sail_pdf_Jan_01.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedi"><U><B>Anchor Reset Tests</B></U></A><A HREF="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedia/practical_sail_pdf_Jan_01.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedi"><U><B>   (</B></U></A><A HREF="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedia/practical_sail_pdf_Jan_01.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedi"><U> </U></A><A HREF="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedia/practical_sail_pdf_Jan_01.pdf" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/multimedi"><U><B>Practical Sailor, 2001)</B></U></A><B> </B><B> </B><IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"><B>     </B></div> <div> Comprehensive test performed by  <I>"When direction is reversed 140º. a third of the anchors never broke out, another third reset at some length, and two never reset".</I></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.practical-sailor.com/boatus/anchors/4rhod4598/99anchor2.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.practical-sailor.com/boatus/a"><U><B>Practical Sailor's 1999 Mud Tests</B></U></A><B>  </B></div> <div> Finding a mud site was not easy.... </div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Value guide table from Practical Sailor's tests</B></div> <div> <B><IMG SRC="e889cd40.png" border=0 width="668" height="468" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> <B> </B></div> <bR> <div> Well, having read down to here through all of the previous Tests reports, I feel somewhat confused. Anyhow I tend to trust the tests marked  <IMG SRC="d2e18150.png" border=0 width="24" height="21" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">. To try to help fellowmembers of the Banjer 37 Motorsailer Club to make their own decissions on what anchoring tackle(s) should be better for Banjers use,  I'll try to arrive to some conclusions, based on my own experience and knowledge, as well as on most welcome expected contributions from BMC members and friends.</div> <bR> <div> Some other interesting pages related to anchoring:</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.bluemoment.com/anchorrodes.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.bluemoment.com/anchorrodes.ht"><U><B>Anchor rode - by Alain Hylas</B></U></A></div> <div> "The main and ONLY advantage of the chain is that it is the only and perfect mean to avoid chafing of the anchoring rode on agressive sea beds. Except for this point, chain has all the disadvantages..."</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Studies/1994ropechainsplice.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.ussailing.org/safety/Studies/"><U><B>Rope to Chain Splice Test, by Chuck Hawley</B></U></A></div> <div> "If the chain splice is examined for chafe on a regular basis, we find no objections to the rope to chain splice from a strength reduction standpoint, as it appears close in strength to other components in the system and to commonly available nylon line."</div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> Now, let's go on working on what is needed for Banjer sized boats:</div> <bR> <div> <B>CALCULATED ANCHOR CABLE TENSION  IN WIND AND WAVES, FOR 36' KETCHS</B></div> <bR> <div> The following table is based on Bob Smith's analysis of the force applied to sailboats of different sizes in wind and waves based on observations in the Columbia River. Correction factor of 1.25 applied for ketch rig. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#CC0000" FACE="Arial" >(Excerpted from The Sailing Foundation Anchor Tests)</FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="827" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>WIND VELOCITY (KNOTS)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="20" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="34" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>21</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>24</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>27</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>30</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>33</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>36</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>39</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>42</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>45</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>48</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="38"><div> <B>51</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="37"><div> <B>54</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>57</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="43"><div> <B>60</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="44"><div> <B>63</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>RODE TENSION  (LBS)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="20" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="34" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>169</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>220</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>280</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>345</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>417</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>496</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>581</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>675</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>774</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>881</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="38"><div> <B>995</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>1116</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>1244</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="43"><div> <B>1352</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="44"><div> <B>1520</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <B>RODE TENSION (KGF)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="20" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="34" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>77</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>100</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>127</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>156</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>189</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>225</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>264</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>306</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>351</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>400</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="38"><div> <B>451</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="37"><div> <B>506</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="34"><div> <B>564</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="43"><div> <B>613</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="44"><div> <B>689</B></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> (Rode scope of five times depth. Boat veered 30 degree to wind) </div> <bR> <div> Notice that with a 63 knots wind (Superior limit for Force 11) the rode tension (equal to wind & waves force) acting on the theoretical typical 36' ketch, is only slightly less than the Bollard Pull estimated downwards in this page for a 27" diameter propeller (746 kg) in Banjers with the Perkins 4236. This means that even with full engine throttle, a Banjer would not be able to make a headway. In real life this is even worse at sea, because waves are really much bigger than those found when the Columbia River test, where fetch was (most probably) relatively short.</div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> The Beaufort Scale</div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="796" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> Light Air</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Light Breeze</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Gentle Breeze</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Mod. Breeze</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Fresh Breeze</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Strong Breeze</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="106"><div> Force</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>1</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>2</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>3</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>4</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>5</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>6</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="106"><div> Knots</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 1-3</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 4-6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 7-10</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 11-16</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 17-21</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 22-27</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="106"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="106" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> Near Gale</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> Gale</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Strong Gale</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> Storm</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Violent Storm</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> Hurricane</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="106"><div> Force</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>7</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>8</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>9</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>10</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>11</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> <B>12</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="106"><div> Knots</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 28-33</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 34-40</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 41-47</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 48-55</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 56-63</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="106"><div> 64+</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> The worst time for an anchor to drag is in extreme conditions. Those situations often occur at night, on lee shores or when a vessel may be surrounded by coral heads, breakers or other boats. So we have to calculate our anchor for the worst expectable conditions, <B>let's say the top of  </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#CC0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Force 11</B></FONT><B>, 63 knots winds</B>, as we have to put a reasonable limit, unless wanting to carry something like an oil rig's anchoring system aboard. </div> <bR> <div> The tests we've seen upwards here, indicate that because most anchors do not perform well in rocky, kelp/weed-infested areas, a selection of suitability of bottom for anchoring, may be more important than selection of an anchor. Indications on nautical charts of bottom characteristics are very general. Investigation of holding ground is possible through experience and, if all else fails, experimentation. Since it is generally difficult to verify the quality of the set, the best insurance is personal experience with a given anchor design and its suitability for specific bottom conditions. </div> <bR> <div> We know now what kind of forces our grounding tackle has to withstand. Now, how can we calculate what is needed for our Banjers? </div> <bR> <div> I'll try to follow some recommended methods, commonly used by the boating and shipping community. But first we may have a look at the web sites linked inmediately down here, as I find they are helpful stuff to simply calculate the anchoring tackle, as well as having very interesting info.</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.dulhunty.com/dmp1.htm#top" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.dulhunty.com/dmp1.htm#top"><U><B>Principles and Performance of Anchors</B></U></A><B>  </B></div> <div> Detailed information from the manufacturers of the Flook anchor. Although rigurous, is easy to follow. Includes an useful nomogram, the<B> 'Anchor Computer'.</B></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="http://www.dulhunty.com/dmp6.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.dulhunty.com/dmp6.htm"><U><IMG SRC="e0a10d10.png" border=0 width="272" height="209" ALT="Fotografía de Microsoft Photo Editor 3.0" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> <div> (Click on image to find it in Dunhulty's pages)</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="http://alain.fraysse.free.fr/sail/rode/rode.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://alain.fraysse.free.fr/sail/rode/r"><U><B>Tunning an anchor rode</B></U></A><B>  </B></div> <div> From Al's Software Sailing Page. <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#CC0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>Most useful.</B></FONT> Most probably all you need to know about anchoring calculations, although some simple maths are required. You may download from there several useful spreadsheets, allowing you to simulate your rode configuration. Down here you'll find a link to download his <B>Synthetic Formulae</B> spreadsheet.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="http://alain.fraysse.free.fr/sail/rode/synthesis/rodeanch.zip" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://alain.fraysse.free.fr/sail/rode/s"><U><IMG SRC="dde4b4b0.gif" border=0 width="75" height="75" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> <div> <B>Al's Anchoring Tackle Calculator</B></div> <div> (Click on anchor image to download it directly to your computer)</div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>26.10.2005</B></div> <div> At the <A HREF="http://www.fortressanchors.com/safe_anchoring.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.fortressanchors.com/safe_anch"><U><B>Safe Anchoring Guide</B></U></A> web page from Fortress anchors' web site, they provide a table to determine the holding power needed as a function of wind velocity and boat length, for average beam and windage boats:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="475" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=2 BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="55"><div> <B>WIND</B></div> <div> <B>SPEED</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER COLSPAN=8 WIDTH="391"><div> <B>BOAT LENGTH in FEET. Holding in pounds</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 20ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 25ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 30ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 35ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 40ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 50ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="45"><div> 60ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="55"><div> 70ft</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="55"><div> <B>15 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 90</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 125</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 175</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 225</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 300</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 500</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="55"><div> 675</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="55"><div> <B>30 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 360</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 490</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 700</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 900</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 1,200</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 1,600</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 2,000</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="55"><div> 2,700</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="55"><div> <B>42 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 720</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 980</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 1,400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 1,800</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 2,400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 3,200</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 4,000</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="55"><div> 5,400</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="55"><div> <B>60 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 1,440</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 1,960</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 2,800</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 3,600</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 4,800</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 6,400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="45"><div> 8,000</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="55"><div> 10,800</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="478" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER ROWSPAN=2 BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="60"><div> <B>WIND</B></div> <div> <B>SPEED</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER COLSPAN=8 WIDTH="389"><div> <B>BOAT LENGTH in METERS. Holding in kg</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="31"><div> 6m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="31"><div> 8m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="51"><div> 9m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="51"><div> 11m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="51"><div> 12m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="51"><div> 15m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="51"><div> 18m</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF WIDTH="51"><div> 21m</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="60"><div> <B>15 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 41</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 57</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 79</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 102</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 136</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 181</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 227</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 306</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="60"><div> <B>30 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 163</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 222</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 318</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 408</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 544</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 726</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 907</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 1,225</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="60"><div> <B>42 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 327</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 445</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 635</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 816</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 1,089</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 1,452</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 1,814</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 2,449</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER BGCOLOR=#00FFFF HEIGHT= 14 WIDTH="60"><div> <B>60 kts</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 653</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="31"><div> 889</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 1,270</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 1,633</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 2,177</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 2,903</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 3,629</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="51"><div> 4,899</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> They also state the following:  <I>A “Lunch Hook” should be able to hold your boat in a 15 kn breeze. A main, or “Working Anchor” should hold up to 30 knots of wind. A “Storm Anchor” is for winds up to 42 knots. </I></div> <bR> <bR> <div> And now let's put to work.  </div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B> BANJER'S GROUND TACKLE ESTIMATION (Several Methods)</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>1.- Following different Rules and methods.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>1.1.- Spain/CE</B></div> <div> First let's use one of the possible recomended tables to choose an anchor and it's rode that are available around there.  In Spain we have a compulsory regulation for the recreative market, based in CE's rules & regulations, as follows:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Anchor and Rode chooser, under the Spanish Rules & Regulations</B></div> <div> Boat hull length             Anchor weight                    Chain diameter (*)            Rope diameter (nylon)</div> <div> <IMG SRC="dd3d45a0.gif" border=0 width="724" height="346" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Anchor weight is supposed for what Spanish authorities assume as to being high holding power anchors </div> <div> (CQR, Delta, Bruce, etc., and the like). </div> <div> Chain shall be at least equal to one boat length long, and total rode at least 5 boat lengths long.</div> <bR> <div> (*) Galvanized steel, under EN 24565</div> <bR> <div> So, allowing for some margin, let's say that for a 36 footer, like Banjers, we should use, as a minimum, a <B>20 kg high holding power anchor</B>, with <B>12 m of  8 mm chain </B>and<B> 48 m of 12 mm nylon rope</B>. From here you can go up to the sizes your experience (or fear!) dictates. </div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>1.2.- USA</B></div> <div> Now the recomendations from the ABYC (American Boat and Yacht Council). The table express the recommended holding power in pounds. From the pages of <A HREF="http://www.boatus.com/boattech/anchorin.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.boatus.com/boattech/anchorin."><U><B>BoatUS</B></U></A>, where you'll find more useful info about anchoring.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="572" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER COLSPAN=6 HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="552"><div> <B>Boat Dimensions Horizontal Load (lbs.)</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 39 ><NOBR><div> <B>Length </B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> <B>Beam (Power)</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>Beam (Sail )</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> <B>Lunch Hook </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> <B>Working Anchor </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>Storm Anchor</B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 10’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 5’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 4’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 40 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 160 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 320</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 15’</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 6’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 5’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 60 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 250 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 500</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 20’</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 8’</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 7’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 90</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 360</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 720</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 25’</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 9’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 8’ </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 125 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 490</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 980</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 30'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 11'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 9'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 175</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 700</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 1,400</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="64"><div> <B>35'</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> <B>13'</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> <B>10'</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> <B>225</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> <B>900</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> <B>1,800</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 40'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 14'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 11'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 300</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 1,200</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 2,400</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 50'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 16'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 13'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 400</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 1,600</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 3,200</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> 60'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="102"><div> 18'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="97"><div> 15'</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 500</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="91"><div> 2,000</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="108"><div> 4,000</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> So, for our beloved Banjers, we shoud use something slightly bigger than found in the bolded line. Let's say:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Lunch Hook: 240 lbs (109 kgf);  Working anchor: 960 lbs (436 kgf); Storm Anchor: 1920 lbs (871 kgf)</B></div> <bR> <div> Comparing this with the upper Bob Smith's analysis, where 1520 lbs were calculated for a 63 knots wind, indicates the ABYC seems to be somewhat conservative, as I've also read about at some cruising forums. But, at sea,  to be conservative increases your security and, on the other hand, I'm not so sure about Bob's data interpretation, as well as not knowing the wind force used by ABYC for Storm conditions.</div> <bR> <div> On the rode side, Boat US recommends a lenght of 300' (91.4m) of 3-strand 1/2" (12.7 mm) Nylon, and 3/8" (9,5 mm) chain for a 35 footer, so in our case we can asume:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Rode:  Length, roughly 100 m; 13 mm Nylon rope; 9.8 mm chain</B></div> <bR> <div> Chapman’s suggests using one half foot of chain for each foot of boat length, so in our case 4.75 m. But Earl Hinz, a former aeronautical engineer and inveterate Pacific Ocean sailor, in his work The Complete Book of Anchoring and Mooring, says<B> “the chain lead should weigh at least as much as the anchor whose weight it is supplementing”</B>. From his experience, he has determined that the length of the chain lead has nothing to do with the depth of the water or the length of the boat. His suggested formulae:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Minimum Chain Length = (Anchor weight in lbs * Anchor material factor) / Unit weight of chain in lbs/ft</B></div> <bR> <div> Anchor material factor = <B>1 </B>for steel and <B>1.6</B> for aluminium</div> <bR> <div> For a 20 kg (43 lbs) steel anchor and a 8 mm chain (weighing 1.15 lbs per foot), as those recommended in the Spanish regulation, <B>we should use 11.4 m (37.4 feet) of chain</B>, more or less one boat length for Banjers.  The Spanish chain's length reccomendation seems to be quite adequate, according to this, but asks for a too short total rode length, according to Boat US. I believe Spanish authorities are taking in account the almost universal recommendation of letting out a rode length of about 5 times the depth, for "standard" anchoring.</div> <bR> <div>  </div> <div> <B>1.3.- The traditional method.</B></div> <div> Among the cruising community there is a simple rule many folks used to talk about: "<I>You need a main anchor weighing </I><I><B>1 pound per waterline foot</B></I><I>"</I>. So, for Banjers with a waterline length of about 31.17 feet, we shoud go<B> for a 32 lbs anchor</B>. I find this number not really enough at all for Banjers, as my own 'working tackle' with a 33 lbs Admiralty anchor has proven inadequate on sandy bottoms with strong winds in the range of Force 6. Confirming this, numbers obtained with the calculator mentioned in point 4, suggest that my working tackle will not withstand winds in excess of 20 knots (Force 5).</div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>1.4.- Calculations using Al's Anchoring Tackle Calculator.</B></div> <div> We enter Al's calculator with the following data, taken from my own good old MARIE:</div> <div> 11.13 m boat length, 10 mm chain diameter, 50 m available chain length, 63 knots wind speed, 800 daN selected rode tension, 6.5 m total depth (5 water + 1.5 freeboard), Medium seabed holding.  (Note: 1 daN = 10 N = 10/9.81 kgf = 1.02 kgf)</div> <bR> <div> Results: </div> <div> a) All chain rode: 3.5º rode angulation at anchor. 8:1 scope, 21 kg minimum anchor weight.</div> <div> b) Mixed rode for a 0º angulation: <B>  20 kg anchor,  50 m chain,  22 m nylon rope.</B></div> <bR> <div> Notes:</div> <div> Static mode tension for <B>63 knots</B> appears at the calculator to be 650 daN (663kgf), which coincides pretty well with the upper Bob Smyths analysis (689 kgf), although data there is said to include waves effect (?). Dynamic overtension with mixed rode goes in Al's calculator up to 1430 daN, and with all chain rode staggers to an incredible 3251 daN. </div> <bR> <div> The data taken from MARIE, with a 20 kg CQR, 50 m chain, and the adition of 22 m of nylon rope, as well as using the 800 kgf rode tension, indicates that the boat is able to <B>withstand winds of 47 knots</B>, the upper limit of a <B>Force 9</B>, with a <B>0º rode angulation</B> at the anchor, which is more than enough for my usual sailings.</div> <bR> <div> If we calculate with <B>1430 daN</B>, we arrive to the needing of a <B>30 kg anchor and 58 m rope, in adition to the 50 m chain,</B> for a 0º setting.</div> <bR> <div> Note: Author says he consider CQR, Danforth, Bruce, Britany, etc.,   "classic" anchors, and Spade, Brake, Bügel, Delta, etc., <B>"high-holding"</B> ones, for which a <B>30% reduction in weight</B> can be considered.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>1.5.- Calculations based on Banjers wind profile and Phil Dunhulty's Nomogram.</B></div> <div> I have been doing some preliminary work with this Nomogram, but numbers for Banjers move in the limits of the curves and I am not sure about anchors efficiency index. Not enough trustable information about this indexes, in my opinion, is posted at Dunhulty's web pages. But making efficiency index equal to 40,  which seems to be a fair index for high holding power anchors, I arrive to an anchor weight of 22 kg for a 63 knots wind, so not so far away from other methods. But lower efficiency indexes call for heavier anchors. I've written a letter to Dunhulty asking for help. Let's wait. </div> <bR> <div> On 09/02/05 I received this kind e-mail from Phil Dunhulty:</div> <bR> <div> "Dear Guillermo</div> <div> Thank you for your interest in the anchor efficiency paper</div> <div> 1. The answer to your first question is yes, certainly you may extend the graphics.</div> <div> 2. The different anchor efficiencies are fairly well explained in the paper. See Figure 16 and 17 and 18</div> <div> These tables cover most of the anchors commonly in use with their respective indices</div> <div> What more can I tell you.</div> <div> Regards</div> <div> Phil Dulhunty"</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> Figure 17, from Phil's pages:</div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="715" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="148"><div> <B>Type</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> <B>Test Results Efficiency Index (Holding Power to weight ratio)</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> <B>Average</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> Admiralty Pattern</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="466"><div> 5, 7, 14</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> 8</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="148"><div> Bruce</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="466"><div> 16, 11, 9, 24, 22, 17, 25, 39, 30</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> 21</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="148"><div> CQR</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="466"><div> 36, 9, 12, 40, 26, 70, 12</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> 30</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> Danforth High Tensile</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="466"><div> 34</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> 34</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 ><NOBR><div> Danforth Standard</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="466"><div> 17, 38, 34, 20</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> 27</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="148"><div> Flook</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="466"><div> 45, 55, 27</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="81"><div> 42</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> When I read Phil's article I asumed these data were not good enough to use them in the calculations, I recognize. I thought they were only indicative. I find dispersion of values too big and probably they are not comparable. I think it's risky to say, i.e., that 30 is a mean value for CQR anchors, when dispersion of values goes from 9 to 70 (!). And if we have to asume this kind of enormous variation, How can we asume 34 is a trustable mean value for Danforth High Tensile's?</div> <bR> <div> Well, but using anyhow these data, and assuming for a 45 lbs (21 kg) CQR anchor an efficiency index of 30, we come to the conclusion that it's holding power, as per the nomogram, should be around 500 kg in sand/mud, which is not enough to withstand the Force 11 winds we are working with. We should go for a bigger one or either use some other anchor with a higher efficiency index, but which one is that one? We cannot say it from Phil's table, except for Danforth High Tensile and Flook, so, as I told before, those data are not trustable enough, in my opinion. </div> <bR> <div> Next days I'll try to extend Phil's curves to the zone of what is needed to work with the input data we are considering here, meaning this  data for Banjers, and post the result here.</div> <bR> <div> (To be continued)</div> <bR> <div> <B>1.6 What for Hurricane conditions?</B></div> <div> We'll now use <A HREF="http://www.collinsbooks.com/cgi-bin/lcb455/13743.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.collinsbooks.com/cgi-bin/lcb4"><U><B>William's van Dorn's</B></U></A> formula, developed for <B>oceanographic vessels in storm conditions</B>, to estimate the forces acting on a ground tackle subject to an anchorage subject to severe wind and sea conditions:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Rode Forde = 0.20* Wind speed^2*Displ^(2/3)  (lbs)</B></div> <bR> <div> Using a 75 knots wind (well into Force 12) and a  Banjers' displacement of <B>13.7 tonnes</B> (30870 lbs), as per hydrostatic curves, we come to an staggering:</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Banjers Rode Tension = 6545 lbs (2,97 tonnes or 3026 daN!!!)</B></div> <bR> <div> This is really a huge tension, much more than that those obtained from Bob Smyth's analisis or the ABYC rules (1920 lbs). </div> <bR> <div> Using Al's calculator for a 11 m boat in 10 m depth, <B>good seabed holding</B>, 1.5 m bow and a ground tackle using a mixed rode of 15 m, 10 mm chain and nylon, to obtain a dinamic overtension (due to wind and waves) of 3026 daN for mixed rodes, we need to introduce in the calculator <B>a wind of 92 knots</B> instead of the 75 considered in Van Dorn's calculations. So, we can realize the difference among both methods. Van Dorn takes into accoun the <B>Displacement</B> and Al's calculator takes <B>Length</B>, which may be the cause of the discrepancy.</div> <bR> <div> With the preceding data, following Al's calculator to handle a 92 knots wind, (Assuming a rode angulation at the anchor of 8º), we need an <B>anchor of 35 kg</B>, as well as <B>7</B><B>0</B><B> m</B> nylon rope in adition to the <B>15 m chain</B> , to get a 6:1 scope.</div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="arial" > Following Van Dorn's tables </FONT>(From the pages of <A HREF="http://www.cncphotoalbum.com/technical/anchorguide.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.cncphotoalbum.com/technical/a"><U><B>C&C Yachts</B></U></A>):</div> <div> "...However William van Dorn in "Oceanography and Seamanship"; Dodd, Mead (1974), presents a graph based on calculations for anchoring oceanographic vessels in <B>storm conditions (?)</B>. It suggests that the optimum chain/nylon combination for anchoring vessels < 50ft. in 30 ft. of water under storm conditions is a 20% chain, 80% nylon rode with an overall scope of 6:1. Assuming that the boat's bow chock is 6 feet above the water and that the<B> waves</B> are 4 feet (8 feet peak to trough <B>= 2.4 m</B>) this works out to a 240 foot total rode comprised of 48 feet of chain (<B>14.6 m</B>) and 192 feet (<B>58.5 m</B>) of nylon. Clearly these are extreme conditions. In shallower water the rode could be reduced proportionately. However, the length of chain required approximates one boat length and a good working rule for a combined rode is a boat length of chain plus whatever nylon is required to give a 6:1 scope. In shallower water, the scope should be increased, within swing limitations, to 7:1 to permit the bow to lift more easily to the choppy waves near the shore". </div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>1.7.- 2005 </B><A HREF="http://www.gl-group.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.gl-group.com"><U><B>Germanischer Lloyd's</B></U></A><B> Rules</B></div> <div> Now let's have a look on what a reputable Classification Society states for Yachts and Boats under 24 m length. </div> <div> From the 2005 edition of their Rules & Guidelines, Pat 3, Special Craft, Section 3, Yatchs &  Boats under 24 m, Letter G, <B>Anchoring, Towing and Warping Gear</B>, we calculate the following for Banjers:</div> <bR> <div> Numeral     <B>Z = 0.6*L*B*H1 + A  </B>=  <B>53.14 m3</B></div> <div> Being:   </div> <div> L=(Lh+Lwl)/2 = 10.41m  </div> <div> B = maximum hull breath = 3.48 m </div> <div> H1 = draft, corrected = 2.3m  </div> <div> A = 0.5* Wheelhouse volume = 3.12 m3 (over deck, roughly)</div> <bR> <div> With this numeral, and a Displacement of 12 tonnes, we enter the different tables and formulas and we obtain (Minimum values for all around sailing):</div> <bR> <div> <B>Main anchor weight:   21 kg</B>  (For what they nominate as "high holding power" anchors: Bruce, CQR, Danforth, D'Honne, Heuss, Pool & Kaczireck)</div> <div> <B>Secondary anchor weight : 18 kg</B>. (You must carry both)</div> <div> <B>Length of chain line: 32.5 m </B> (round bar steel chain, DIN 766)  (for every anchor)</div> <div> <B>Anchor cable nominal thickness:  8 mm</B></div> <div> <B>Towing line length:   50 m</B></div> <div> <B>Towing line nominal diameter: 22 mm</B>   (3-strand hawser-lay nylon rope, DIN 83330)</div> <div> <B>Warping ropes: 2 of 15.6 m and 2 of 10.4 m, 18 mm nominal diameter,</B> same rope as before. </div> <bR> <bR> <div> In adition, GL states the follwing:</div> <bR> <div> - The weight of Main and Secondary anchors may vary in +/- 7% if the combined weight is no less than the sum of the stipulated weights. <I>(</I><I>This sum for high holding anchors is, in our case, </I><I><B>39 kg, </B></I><I><B>which approximates the 35 kg </B></I><I>obtained before for 92 knots winds, using Al's calculator</I><I>)</I></div> <div> - Both anchors may be on chains or on lines with chain outboard shot.</div> <div> - Main anchor weight may be reduced 25%, to be used in inland waterways where strong currents and high seas can be excluded, in our case 16 kg. May be substituted by an Stock anchor of 1.33 the weight of the main anchor,  in this case 21 kg again. </div> <div> - The chain may be substituted by 49 m of 22 mm three branded nylon rope plus 6 m of 8 mm outboard shot chain, shackled to the anchor. Rope line must have a spliced-in thimble at one end.</div> <div> - Anchor chains and chain outboard shots must have reinforced links at the ends.</div> <div> - A swivel is to be provided between anchor and cable.</div> <div> - The chain has to be made fast to the boat in a quick release safe operating manner, with fastening strength being no less than 15% but no more than 30%, of the normal breaking load of the chain.</div> <div>  </div> <bR> <div>     And gives the following caring recommendations for synthetic ropes:</div> <bR> <div> - Stowage below deck once at sea (because of solar radiation)</div> <div> - Do not stow near heating appliances.</div> <div> - From time to time inspect them carefully for external and internal defects.</div> <div> - Replace defective thimbles. Splice-in loose thimbles afresh and seize-in firmly.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> My interpretation on this two anchors scheme is that we could use a <B>working tackle with a 18 kg</B> anchor and <B>49 m of  22 mm</B> <B>3-strand nylon rope, plus 6 m of  8mm chain</B>, for good weather anchoring, <B>ready to be made fast</B> in line to the main<B> 21 kg</B> anchor <B>with the 32.5 m</B> of 8 mm <B>all chain rode</B>, when strong winds, even up to <B>hurricane forces</B>, are expected. Something to ask Germanischer Lloyd (??).</div> <bR> <div> <B>Both anchors should be fast setting ones.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>With the working tackle </B>as said before, we could <B>handle 40 knots winds (The top of a Force 8) </B>in a <B>10 m depth</B> anchorage, which is good enough for most ocasions. The extra diameter of the nylon rope of the working tackle is needed to be able to withstand the force in a hurricane, when deploying the two anchors, working both on this rope. Well, but I realize we, most of mortals, do not face hurricanes often, so probably we could use a little bit of more<B> chain,</B> <B>let's say 12 m</B>, and a lighter <B>rope</B>, of <B>let's say 16 mm</B>, (much more handable but still with more than enough resistance) for the "normal conditions". When we expect things may deteriorate to really heavy conditions, then we should add the main anchor and substitute the 16 mm rope for a 22 mm one. </div> <bR> <div> To allow for corrosion, etc, I'd go for an all around 10 mm chain, instead of the 8 mm recommended.</div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>2.- What do manufacturers recommend for a 36 feet heavy boat?</B></div> <div> Here you have the information from some well known anchor manufacturers. Some of them enter with weight of the boat, rather than length.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="539" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 93 ><NOBR><div> <B>  <IMG SRC="dfa55550.jpg" border=0 width="85" height="85" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">  <IMG SRC="dfb55550.jpg" border=0 width="85" height="85" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="dfd95560.jpg" border=0 width="149" height="86" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="e0150560.jpg" border=0 width="80" height="86" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="e0655550.gif" border=0 width="85" height="85" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 90 ><NOBR><div> <B><IMG SRC="e038a520.jpg" border=0 width="138" height="82" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="df753530.jpg" border=0 width="83" height="83" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">  <IMG SRC="df853530.jpg" border=0 width="83" height="83" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"> <IMG SRC="dffaf520.jpg" border=0 width="175" height="82" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Bruce: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B>Storm, 13kg; Working 6.5 kg; Rope: 15 mm; Chain: 9 mm; Minimum chain length: 6.5 m; Anchor shakle: Pin diameter: 10,5 mm, Body diameter: 9 mm. </B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Spade:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> Model 100, 20 kg (steel). For boats with LOA < 50', Disp < 12 tonnes.</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">CQR:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> Maximum recommended size (Drop forged): 16 kg / 35 lb</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Delta:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> Maximum recommended size (Galvanized): 16 kg / 35 lb</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Danforth </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B>(20 knots winds): Standard model, 16 lbs / 7.3 kg; Chain minimum length: 4' (1.22m); Chain diameter: 3/16" ( 5mm aprox)</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Flook:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> 10 kg (22 lbs); 3 strand Nylon rode, 13 mm. Shackle size: 12 mm.</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Fortress</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> (30 knots winds): FX 16, 4.5 kg / 10 lbs. Nylon rope, 13 mm; 4 m chain, 8 mm; Shackle, 8 mm.</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Max: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> Max 17 (Pivoting, 50 pounds; Rigid 57 pounds) </B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Buegel (Bügel):</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> HS Steel, 24 kg; 10 mm chain (For boats from 10 to 15 tonnes)</B></FONT></div> <div> <B><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700f00000cc00.png" HEIGHT="16" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Luke (fisherman): </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B>Storm anchor, 72 lbs (35.5 kg)  (They recommend 2 lbs per WL foot)</B></FONT></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Their commercial sites, some of them with interesting info about anchoring and anchor tests.</B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="785" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 ><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.fortressanchors.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.fortressanchors.com/"><U><B>Fortress</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.lewmar.com/webcat/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.lewmar.com/webcat/"><U><B>CQR</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.lewmar.com/webcat/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.lewmar.com/webcat/"><U><B>Delta</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.spade-anchor.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.spade-anchor.com/"><U><B>Spade</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.dulhunty.com/dm1.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.dulhunty.com/dm1.htm"><U><B>Flook</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.danforthanchors.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.danforthanchors.com/"><U><B>Danforth</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.bruceanchor.co.uk/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.bruceanchor.co.uk/"><U><B>Bruce</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.creativemarine.com/catalog/text/anchor.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.creativemarine.com/catalog/te"><U><B>Max</B></U></A></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.inter-yacht.com/Buegel/BuegelIntro.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.inter-yacht.com/Buegel/Buegel"><U><B>Buegel</B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <A HREF="http://www.peluke.com/Storm_Anchors/storm_anchors.html" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.peluke.com/Storm_Anchors/stor"><U><B>Luke</B></U></A></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> <B>Notes:</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>1.- Some of those recommendations seem to be quite low for serious cruising, from my point of view, as we've seen before.</B></div> <bR> <div> 2.- Interesting to find that Danforth and Fortress, the two anchors more prone not to reset after breaking away on sandy bottoms (as per the tests upper mentioned in this article), are the only ones to advert the wind velocity in their anchor chooser (20 & 30 knots, respectively), just telling you have to be cautious for higher wind velocities.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B> <A NAME="29_06_05___newcomers_to_the_market"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="1" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" ></A></B><B>(02</B><B>.07.05)  MORE ANCHORS IN THE MARKET:</B></div> <div> (Click on images to access their web sites)</div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="748" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="114"><div> <B>SARCA</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <B>MANSON SUPREME</B></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="124"><div> <B>ROCNA</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="141"><div> <B>BULWAGGA</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="161"><div> <B>OCEANE</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 101 ><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.anchorright.com.au/index.php?id=aus" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.anchorright.com.au/index.php?"><U><IMG SRC="e836f590.jpg" border=0 width="111" height="89" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://manson-marine.co.nz/SitePages/SupManson.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://manson-marine.co.nz/SitePages/Sup"><U><IMG SRC="e82a7590.jpg" border=0 width="167" height="89" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.rocna.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.rocna.com/"><U><IMG SRC="e86775a0.jpg" border=0 width="119" height="90" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.noteco.com/bulwagga/"><U><B><IMG SRC="e847e5e0.jpg" border=0 width="126" height="94" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> <A HREF="http://www.oceane-anchor.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.oceane-anchor.com/"><U><B><IMG SRC="e8198590.jpg" border=0 width="152" height="89" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> <B>The recommendations from these manufacturers for a Banjer like sized boat are:</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Sarca:  </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B>Sarca Anchor Nº 7, Galvanized (25 kg / 55 lbs). Leader chain, 13 m of 12 mm. Stainless shackle 12 mm. </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Manson Supreme:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> No recommendations available at the web site.</B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Rocna: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B>Rocna 20 (20 kg / 44lbs / 1174 cm2 blade area) </B></FONT>(Size kindly confirmed by Craig Smith, of <A HREF="http://www.rocna.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.rocna.com/"><U><B>ROCNA</B></U></A> Anchors)</div> <div> <B>Bulwagga:</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> 44 lb ( 20 kg). Because of length it could be 27 lbs (12.3 kg), but they advertise going one size bigger if the boat is a heavy weight (And Banjers are!) </B></FONT></div> <div> <B>Oceane: </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000CC" FACE="Arial" ><B> Oceane 16, 16 kg / 35 lbs</B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> Interesting to find that the manufactures of all these "new breed - high holding" anchors, except Oceane's, recommend a weight in the range of of 20-25 kg (44-55 lbs), also in line with Spade's and Buegel's. "Older" plough/claw type anchors like Bruce, Delta, CQR and the like, recommend (see upwards) weights in the range of 16 kg (35 lbs) or less, which seems to be not enough at all. So the "high-tech" guys, who talk about special surfaces, chisel blade tips, balanced weight and the like, finally go for a much more conservative weight recommendation than manufacturers of the less sofisticated anchors (!!!). I like this approach, meaning to me that although a good design is important to the performance of an anchor, weight is also a fundamental parameter not to forget for an all around one.</div> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>New kid on the block </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000099" FACE="Arial" ><B>(Nov 2006)</B></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.anchorconcepts.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.anchorconcepts.com/"><U><B><IMG SRC="101c18930.png" border=0 width="280" height="147" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <div> <B>HydroBubble</B></div> <div> This anchor has had very good results in Sail Magazine 2006 Anchors Test, with an extraordinary holding power.</div> <div> From SAIL magazine: <B>"Quick sets and multiple 5,000 pound pulls at 5:1 scope proved it worked beautifully everytime" </B></div> <div> Its setting characteristics are not based in weight (neither total or tip's), but in attaining always the right position because of the floatation bubble.</div> <div> They reccommend their model Standard 45 for a Banjer like sized boat.</div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>Phil Dunhulty's bottom/anchor table</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Approximate Relative Holding power of equal weight anchors in different Types of holding ground </B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="652" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><IMG BORDER="0" SRC="1x1.gif" HEIGHT="19" ALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="64" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> Grapnel</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> Admiralty</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> Bruce</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER><NOBR><div> Plow CQR</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> Danforth</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> Stockless</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> Flook</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> Mud</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 3</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 8</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 9</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> Sand</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 3</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 5</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 8</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 9</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> Gravel</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 5</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 7</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> Clay</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 5</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 6</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> Weed</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 7</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 8</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 4</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 3</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 5</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="64"><div> Rock</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="75"><div> 10</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 8</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="85"><div> 2</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="96"><div> 1</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="53"><div> 3</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <div> (Ratings Out Of Ten)</div> <bR> <div> <B>No anchor is designed to hold well in all kind of bottoms. </B></div> <div> <B>For serious cruising you should carry two or three types aboard.</B></div> <bR> <bR> <div> <B>3.- My practical suggested method to test your anchor weight and type: 'Bollard Pull' test. </B></div> <div> Here you have something interesting to do this season!</div> <div> As we found before, a Force 11 wind will impose the rode with a force more or less equal to the Bollard Pull of a 27" propeller in a Banjer mounting Perkins 4236, as a rough approximation. </div> <div> So, you could take your beloved Banjer to a convenient and isolated location, with a  3/5 mts depth firm clay (**), mud or sand bottom , with no boats around, in a calm day. You should look for a bottom as horizontal as possible, with no weed. Don't test in very soft mud or clay, as most anchors don't hold well (Unless your anchor is specifically designed for this job, as the Fortress at 45º), neither in a hard clay, dense sand, weed or gravel/rocky bottoms, as your anchor may not set, penetrate adequately or bending at the flukes.</div> <div> Firmly dig your main anchor by means of short bursts of power (you may visual check it with the help of a tender in clear waters). Let out  25/35 mts of a 13 mm+  nylon rope plus 10 mm chain (at least one boat length of chain), making it strong to both rear cleats of the Banjer by means of an 'Y' strong rope connection. Slowly open throttle up to 2250 rpm for Perkins 4236 or around 1700 rpm for Perkins 6354 (If you go all the way up with this engine, you'll be exercing a pull in excess of 900 kg, which makes a more demanding test) Then slowly veer the boat 30º to each side. If the anchor holds, or moves but not breaks out, this could be one to take with you for an extended voyage. If it doesn't hold, or fails to reset, you'd better use it only under trustable conditions, as a Lunch Hook or a Working Anchor, depending on its performance. </div> <div> Finally, test a 180º veer, not under full revs but easing power, gently turning in a wide circle and then slowly opening throttle when the rode is under slight tension again. Watch for the anchor dragging and reset. If it resets and holds to full throttle again, that should be really THE<B> </B>anchor! (For that bottom type) </div> <div> Try several locations and tests on the same kind of bottom, if possible, to find mean conditions. </div> <bR> <div> <I><B>I kindly ask members to perform this test with their own Banjers, whenever possible, and let me know the details and results.</B></I></div> <bR> <div> (**) Firm clay may be defined as the one on where your thumb will penetrate several inches with moderate effort. </div> <bR> <bR> <div>  </div> <div> <B>4.- Rode: Chain,  Rope, Shackles and the like, from other sources.</B></div> <bR> <div> <B>Chain</B></div> <bR> <div> The following are typical maximum working loads for common chain sizes. Working loads are assumed to be at maximum a 25% of breaking load. Numbers are approximate and may vary from different manufacturers. Equivalencies among metric and imperial units are approximate. Numbers in bold highlight what should be the minimum choice for Banjers.</div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <B>Standard Long Link</B></div> <div> <B> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="473" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> Size (in)</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Size (mm)</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Working Load (lb)  </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Working Load (kg) </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Weight lb/ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Weight kg/m</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="71"><div> 1/4" </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 1250 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 567</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 0.638</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 0.949</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="71"><div> <B>5/16" </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>8</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>1900 </B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>862</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>1.006</B></div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> <B>1.497</B></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="71"><div> 3/8"</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 10</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div>  2650 </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 1202</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 1.456</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 2.167</div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></B></div> <bR> <div> <B>BBB Short Link</B></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="2" CELLPADDING="2" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="473" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 38 ><NOBR><div> Size (in) </div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP><NOBR><div> Size (mm)</div> </NOBR></tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Working Load (lb)  </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Working Load (kg) </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Weight lb/ft</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> Weight kg/m</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 19 WIDTH="71"><div> 1/4"</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 6</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 1250</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 567</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 0.72</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="71"><div> 1.071</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="71"><div> <B>5/16"</B></div> </tD>